| A |
| ACHP |
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation |
| Agent |
A legal representative of buyers, sellers or shippers of natural gas in negotiation or operations of contractual agreements. |
| API |
American Petroleum Institutes |
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B |
| Back-Fill |
Earth or other material that has been used to refill a ditch or trench. Also, the act of refilling a ditch or trench. |
| Backhaul |
A transaction that results in the transportation of gas in a direction opposite of the aggregate physical flow of gas in the pipeline. This is typically achieved when the transporting pipeline redelivers gas at a point(s) upstream from the point(s) of receipt. A backhaul condition will exist as long as the aggregate backhaul transactions total less than the aggregate forward haul transactions. A backhaul transaction can result in a delivery by non-delivery or cut back (reduction) of physical flow at a delivery point. see GATE STATION. |
| Backfilling |
The technique for covering a completed pipeline so that adequate fill material is provided underneath the pipe as well as above it. |
| BACT |
Best Available Control Technology |
| Base Load |
As applied to gas, a given consumption of gas remaining fairly constant over a period of time, usually not temperature-sensitive. |
| Bio-Gas |
Methane produced by the decomposition or processing of organic matter. |
| Blanket Certificate |
Authorizes open access transportation by interstate pipeline companies on behalf of others and certain services by local distribution companies and Hinshaw companies under blanket certificates (of public convenience and necessity) subject to certain conditions and reporting requirements. Blanket certificates pre-grant authority for abandonment of the transportation service upon expiration of the contractual term. See Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity |
| Blasting Mats |
Coverings used to contain the debris and rock caused by the use of explosives during excavation. |
| Blow Down |
The process of reducing gas pressures by means of releasing such pressures to atmosphere. |
| Bore |
To penetrate or pierce with a rotary tool. A technique to cross roads, water courses ,or other utilities. |
| British Thermal Unit (Btu) |
The quantity of heat necessary to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit from 58.5 to 59.5 degrees Fahrenheit under standard pressure of 30 inches of mercury at or near its point of maximum density. One Btu equals 252 calories, (gram), 778 foot-pounds, 1,055 joules or 0.293 watt hours. |
| Burner Tip |
An attachment for a burner head, which forms a burner port modified for a specific application. Also, a generic term that refers to the ultimate point of consumption for natural gas. |
| Butt-Weld |
The joining of two ends of a pipe or other material laid end-to-end by full penetration welds |
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C |
| Capacity |
The maximum amount of natural gas that can be produced, transported, stored, distributed, or utilized in a given period of time under design conditions. |
| Capacity Factor |
The ratio of the actual sales of capacity during any specified period to the maximum amount of sales the system is capable of delivering during that time. |
| Capacity Release |
A mechanism by which holders of firm interstate transportation capacity can relinquish their rights to utilize the firm capacity to other parties that are interested in obtaining the right to use that capacity for a specific price, for a given period of time and under a specifically identified set of conditions. The firm transportation rights may include transmission capacity and/or storage capacity. |
| Capacity, Pipeline |
The maximum throughput of natural gas over a specified period of time for which a pipeline system or portion thereof is designed or constructed, not limited by existing service conditions |
| Carbon Dioxide (CO2) |
A gas that is a product of combustion resulting when carbon unites with sufficient oxygen to produce complete combustion; a component of many natural gases. |
| Carbon Monoxide |
A poisonous, combustible gas formed by incomplete combustion of carbon, or reduction of carbon dioxide. |
| Casing |
A length of pipe used for encasing a smaller diameter carrier pipe for installation in a well or under a road, etc. |
| Cathodic Protection |
Cathodic protection refers to the method of preventing corrosion in metal structures that involves using electric voltage to slow or prevent corrosion. It is used along natural gas pipelines, as well as in certain bridges or other large metal structures that need to resist corrosion over an extended period of time. |
| CEII |
Critical Energy Infrastructure Information. CEII is not releasable for public review. |
| Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity |
A special permit (which supplements the franchise), commonly issued by a state commission, which authorizes a utility to engage in business, construct facilities, or perform some other service. Also, a permit issued by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to engage in the transportation or sale for resale of natural gas in interstate commerce or to construct or acquire and operate any facilities necessary therefore, to which certificate the Commission may attach such reasonable terms and conditions as the public convenience and necessity may require. |
| CFR |
Code of Federal Regulations |
| Clean Air Act of 1970 |
Mandated restrictions on sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from power plants. |
| CMP |
Coastal Management Program |
| CO |
Carbon Monoxide |
| Cogeneration |
The use of a single prime fuel source in a reciprocating engine or gas turbine to generate electrical and thermal energy in order to optimize the efficiency of the fuel used. The dominant demand for energy can be either electrical or thermal. Usually it is the latter with excess electrical energy, if any, being transmitted into the local power supply company's lines (with a reciprocal situation existing when electrical demands exceed the cogeneration plant's output). A parallel exists with total energy plants, which are typically designed for the electrical demands rather than thermal. Under the 1978 Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA), regulated utilities are required to purchase electricity furnished by cogenerators and small power producers at rates set by regulatory bodies having jurisdiction over the utility receiving the electricity based on "full avoided cost." |
| Combined-Cycle |
The utilization of waste heat from large gas turbines to generate steam for conventional steam turbines, thus increasing efficiency. |
| Combustion Turbine |
A fuel-fired turbine> engine used to drive an electric generator or compressors. |
| Commission |
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission |
| Commodity Charge |
A charge per unit volume or heat content (i.e., Dekatherm) of gas delivered to the buyer. |
| Commodity Costs (Rates) |
That part of the total cost of service that must be recovered through use of a commodity rate; i.e., a rate for each dekatherm of gas transported. Revenue from a commodity rate varies with throughput. |
| Compressor |
A mechanical device for increasing the pressure of a gas. |
| Compressor Stations |
Locations along the interstate pipeline at which large (thousands of horsepower) natural gas-powered engines increase the pressure of the market natural gas stream flowing through the station by compression. |
| Connection |
The physical junction between two pipeline; usually transmission lines. |
| Consumer |
The ultimate user of natural gas, as contrasted to a "customer" who may purchase natural gas for resale. |
| CSC |
Connecticut Siting Council |
| Cubic Foot |
The most common unit of measurement of gas volume. It is the amount of gas required to fill a volume of one cubic foot under stated conditions of temperature, pressure, and water vapor. |
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D |
| DBH |
Diameter Breast Height |
| DEC |
Department of Environmental Conservation |
| DEP |
Department of Environmental Protection |
| DOS |
Department of State |
| DOT |
Department of Transportation |
| DEIS |
Draft Environmental Impact Statement |
| DPUC |
Department of Public Utility Control |
| Dekatherm |
A unit of heating value equivalent to 10 therms or approximately 1,000,000 Btu's. |
| Demand |
The rates at which gas is delivered to or by a system, part of a system, or a piece of equipment, expressed in cubic feet, therms, or multiples thereof, for a designated period of time called the demand interval. Compare DEMAND LOAD |
| Demand Charge |
The portion of a rate for gas service which is billed to the customer whether they use the service or not. Depending on the rate design this charge is based on actual, contractual, or estimated peak usage (1 or 3 days), annual needs or a combination of these. Compare COMMODITY COSTS |
| Demand Costs (Rate) |
That part of the total cost of service which must be recovered through use of a demand rate; i.e., a rate for each Mcf of gas representing the customer's demand on the Company's system. |
| Demand Load |
The rate of flow of gas required by a consumer or a group of consumers, often an average over a specified short time interval (cf/hr or Mcf/hr). Demand is the cause; load is the effect. |
| Demand Side Management (DSM) |
Utility activities designed to influence the amount and timing of customer demand to reduce peak usage. |
| Department of Energy (DOE) |
The Department of Energy is the twelfth Cabinet Position, and it consists of the Office of the Secretary of Energy and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. It was created on August 4, 1977 as a result of the Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977. There are many subdivisions within the DOE, but the Economic Regulatory Administration and Energy Information Administration are two groups that have significant bearing on gas utility operations. |
| Design Day |
A 24-hour period of demand that is used as a basis for planning gas capacity requirements for distribution companies. |
| Design Day Temperature |
The mean temperature assumed for the Design Day. |
| Directional Drilling |
A technique of crossing rivers or interstate highways in pipeline construction in which the pipe is buried under the riverbed or roadway at depths much greater than those of conventional crossings. With this technique, a hole in the form of an inverted arc is drilled beneath the river or roadbed and the actual made-up pipeline is pulled through it. |
| Distribution |
The act or process of distributing gas from the city gate or plant. That portion of utility plant used for the purpose of delivering gas from the city gate or plant to the consumers. Expenses relating to the operating and maintenance of distribution plant. |
| Distribution Company |
Gas Company that obtains the major portion of its gas operating revenues from the operation of a retail gas Distribution system, and which operates no transmission system other than incidental connections within its own system or to the system of another company. For purposes of A.G.A. statistics, a distribution companies obtains at least 90 percent of its gas operating revenues from sales to ultimate customers, and classifies at least 90 percent of mains (other than service pipe) as distribution. |
| Dth/d |
Dekatherms Per Day |
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E |
| Easement |
An acquired privilege or right, distinct from ownership of the soil, to use a specified area for certain specified uses. |
| Efficiency |
Relating to heat, a percentage indicating the available Btu input to combustion equipment that is converted to useful purposes. |
| EI |
Environmental Inspector |
| End-User |
An entity that is the ultimate consumer for natural gas. An end-user purchases the gas for consumption, but not for resale purposes. |
| Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) |
A federal agency created in 1970 to permit coordinated and effective governmental action, for protection of the environment by the systematic abatement and control of pollution, through integration of research monitoring, standard setting, and enforcement activities. |
| ER |
Environmental Report |
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